Fire Sprinkler System
A Fire Sprinkler System is an active fire protection measure in the Fire Alarm, consisting of a water supply system providing adequate pressure and flow rate to water distributions piping system, onto which fire sprinklers are connected.
Over the years, fire sprinklers have become mandatory safety system equipment in most of the application areas like newly constructed Hospitals, Schools, Hotels and other Public Buildings, Industries etc. subject to the local building codes and enforcement.
Why Sprinkler System is required?
Sprinklers may be required to be installed to reduce potential property losses or business interruption. Each sprinkler that operates is limited to only those near the fire, thereby maximizing the available water pressure over the point of fire origin.
Fire Sprinkler Systems have been the biggest breakthrough in fire protection in the last 100 years. Fire sprinklers are the most effective method of protecting lives and property. Sprinkler systems are now recognized as being so effective that they are being made mandatory in many situations.
Every building should be classified for the fire risk under the following categories
- Light Hazard
- Ordinary Hazard Group and Hazard Group
Components involved Sprinkler System:
- Piping
- Fire Fighting Pumps & Accessories
- Piping
- Pannels
- Sprinklers
- Sprinkler Alarm valves
- Wiring Instruments
How does it work?
An automatic Sprinkler system is intended to detect, control and extinguish a fire, and warn the occupants of occurrence of fire. The installation comprises fire pumps, water storage tanks, control valve sets, sprinkler heads, flow.
Each sprinkler head contains a glass bulb or a fusible link. The bulb contains a liquid and a quantity of vapor. The liquid expands under the influence of heat as do the fusible link heads. When the temperature reaches a certain level – typically at 68 Degree Centigrade – it will expand the liquid and break the bulb or fusible link, which in turn releases water directly onto the seat of the fire.
The hot gases from a fire will make the sprinkler operate. A fire creates a narrow plume of hot air and gasses that rise to the ceiling and spread out. These hot gasses activate the sprinkler head at the correct temperature. The installation is the most common type and a typical sprinkler is shown as below.
